General Information | Application and Usage | Installation/Upgrade | Licensing | Training and Support | Platform and System Requirements
General Information
1. What is Paradigm™ GeoDepth® Tomography and who is it for?
GeoDepth Tomography offers geophysicists a state-of-the-art velocity modeling updating system that specifically addresses the difficulties and challenges in updating large models, complex models (e.g., anisotropy), and rich (offset/azimuth) seismic acquisitions. It is designed for velocity model builders and interpreters tasked with updating all components of the velocity model description (axial velocity, structure, anisotropic parameters.
2. What types of tomography solutions does Paradigm provide?
Paradigm tomography solutions are engineered to cover the full range of velocity model conditions. Solution coverage includes 2D and 3D grid-based and layer-based tomography solutions. Both 3D solutions are parallelized for high performance computing clusters.
3. How does Paradigm handle anisotropic model parameter updates handled in the 3D grid tomography?
Many tomography applications accommodate anisotropy in their respective ray tracing solutions, but updates are often limited to velocity only. The GeoDepth 3D Grid tomography provides a full anisotropic update, that is, the application simultaneously solves for (and provides updates to) not only velocity, but also delta and epsilon anisotropic parameters. Anisotropic solutions are available for both VTI and TTI velocity regimes.
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Application and Usage
4. How do I quality control (QC) the GeoDepth Tomography results?
GeoDepth Tomography is an add-on to the GeoDepth™ Velocity Model building system, so all input and output data can be visualized using the application windows in GeoDepth, including the 3D Canvas, Section window and Basemap. In addition, specialized velocity QC may be performed in the GeoDepth Velocity Navigator. Of particular importance is the simultaneous quality control of velocity and structural information via a new “pencil repository.”
5. Does GeoDepth Tomography use a GUI or batch scripts for parameterization and job submission?
The new 3D Grid tomography application provides a flexible approach for setting up the tomography parameters. A comprehensive GUI guides the user through correct parameterization, and then allows simple conversion to a batch script for submission to a cluster architecture. Conversely, an existing batch script may be loaded into the interactive application to aid parameter adjustment for subsequent runs.
6. I need to run tomography on a large survey. What if I have limited memory on my cluster nodes?
Both the 3D Grid and 3D Layer-based tomography solutions are written and optimized for cluster use. The Rock & Fluid Canvas 2009 3D Grid Tomography solution is specifically designed to enable the generation of very large tomography matrices by making efficient use of memory and disk space across Linux clusters. A large matrix can be accommodated by increasing the number of nodes utilized, or by splitting the matrix into parts, on disk. Run-time will be increased if multiple “file chunks” are used; this allows larger matrices to be solved even when memory capacity is limited.
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Installation/Upgrade
7. Do I need to run Epos 4.0 to install the new 3D GeoDepth Grid Tomography?
Yes, the new 3D grid tomography application makes use of the data repositories and infrastructure new to Epos 4.0.
8. How can I export and import data between GeoDepth Tomography solutions and other Paradigm applications, and third-party applications?
GeoDepth Tomography reads and writes data directly from the Epos database. The options for data import/export are as follows:
a) ASCII/SEGY Import/Export using flexible interactive tools to interrogate files and QC the data
b) ULA Import/Export using Paradigm client/server technology to connect directly to OW/GF databases for interpretation/seismic/well data access
c) OpenSpirit connections for flexible access (new in Epos 4.0)
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Licensing
9. Does GeoDepth Tomography have a dependency on other Paradigm products or can it be run stand-alone?
GeoDepth Tomography is available as an add-on to the Paradigm GeoDepth license. It cannot run as a standalone.
10. Will I require a new license file for GeoDepth Tomography?
Rock & Fluid Canvas 2007 | Epos3 customers with licenses of 3D Grid Tomography (and the 3D Tomography Bundle which includes both Grid and Horizon Tomography) will have access to the new Anisotropic 3D Grid Tomography when they upgrade to Rock & Fluid Canvas 2009 | Epos 4.0. In addition to the new Tomography, Paradigm has developed a number of productivity add-ons that can be used with the new 3D Grid Tomography:
a) Pre- and post-stack auto-picking tools are available as an add-on to Grid Tomography (Tomography Facilitator add-on)
b) The 3D Tomography application may be upgraded to a multi-azimuth implementation via the Multi-Azimuth Tomography add-on
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Training and Support
11. Is training available for GeoDepth Tomography?
The new Anisotropic 3D Grid Tomography is included in the Fundamentals of GeoDepth 3D course. Visit www.pdgm.com/training for a full listing of available classes by location. Also, customers using any of the Rock & Fluid Canvas 2009 | Epos 4.0 products are strongly recommended to enroll in the Epos 4.0 System and Data Management course.
12. Where are Paradigm Training Centers located?
Paradigm offers public at our training centers in the following locations:
Americas - Houston, TX, USA; Calgary, Canada; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Buenos Aires, Argentina; Caracas, Venezuela
Europe/CIS - Woking, England; Aberdeen, Scotland; Pau, France; Moscow, Russia
Middle East/North Africa/India - Lagos, Nigeria; Mumbai, India; Dubai, UAE
Asia Pacific - Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Perth, Australia
China - Beijing, China
13. Can I schedule a private GeoDepth training class just for users in my company?
Yes, Paradigm can teach our GeoDepth class to your users on a private basis at a Paradigm Training Center or at your facility.
14. Can private classes be taught using my dataset?
Yes, but in order to avoid customization charges, we recommended that we deliver a private class using our dataset. After the training class is completed, our trainer can spend an extra day working with users on their datasets. We have found this to be the most cost effective way of transferring knowledge with specific datasets.
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Platform and System Requirements
15. What are the system requirements for Paradigm™ GeoDepth™ Tomography?
The new Anisotropic 3D Grid Tomography and the 3D Layer Tomography are designed and optimized for HPC Linux Clusters. Memory and local disk availability on the cluster nodes will dictate how to distribute the data and execute the job. The 3D Grid Tomography (Rock & Fluid Canvas 2007) is available for SMP systems only.
16. What platforms does GeoDepth Tomography run on?
Processors: Intel 64 architecture processors; AMD64 architecture processors
Operating systems: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 Update 6 and above; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Update 1 and above
17. What cluster configuration is necessary to run GeoDepth Tomography?
The new Anisotropic 3D Grid Tomography utilizes the Paradigm Parallel Framework (PPF), a proprietary parallel processing architecture with no dependence on MPI or similar node communication software. The PPF provides load balancing and fault tolerance. To support data with large tomography matrices, GeoDepth Tomography is currently not fault tolerant and runs with static work distribution.