The velocity model is an important determinant for a successful seismic-driven E&P program. Modeling complex velocity distributions, minimizing velocity iterations, and reducing velocity uncertainty are essential objectives to ensure reliable and on-time subsurface images and accurate positioning of prospects. Getting the velocity model correct impacts the reliability of all information subsequently derived from the seismic data.
Nevertheless, velocity determination and modeling is often a challenge. Imaging positional uncertainty is high in a variety of geologic settings, including those with variable topography, complex salt geometries, anisotropic overthrusts, intrusive features (basalts), and carbonate layers with variable thickness. Positional certainty can even be compromised with low or modest subsurface relief structures from depositional effects or fracturing. This positional uncertainty can be dramatically reduced with Paradigm’s Velocity Analysis solution — one that connects velocity analysis and transformation with a strong interpretation, modeling, and seismic imaging framework.
A Complete Solution
Paradigm’s velocity modeling solution offers a comprehensive portfolio of technologies to build geologically constrained velocity models, including:
- Time and depth migrated velocity analysis
- Compaction and formation-driven velocity model building procedures
- Full support for all isotropic and anisotropic velocity analysis and modeling
- Velocity model representations (map, grids, and solids) to accommodate a broad range of exploration and development objectives
Experience
Paradigm’s global experience in complex velocity modeling is reinforced by the industry’s largest user base of supporting velocity analysis, transformation, and modeling products, which are suitable for a range of applications, including:
- Geologic basins with complex velocity structure around the world
- The full range of seismic acquisitions, including ocean bottom seismic
- All disciplines (seismic imaging, seismic inversion, time-to-depth conversion, and pore pressure prediction) requiring velocity models
Efficiency and Accuracy
Paradigm's Velocity Analysis solutions give consideration to efficiency of process without compromises in accuracy.
- On-the-fly stacking, semblance generation, horizon controls, and 3D interpolation
- Automatic velocity determination methods with constrained velocity inversion procedures
- Reduced velocity model uncertainty through subsurface illumination analysis
- Support for modeling multi-value surfaces (salt structures, overthrusts, etc.)
Paradigm digital subsurface asset management technologies engage integrated workflows to offer advanced solutions throughout the exploration and production value chain.